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Species are dying out at a rate not seen since the demise of the dinosaurs, according to a report published today – and human behaviour is to blame. Emily Dugan counts the cost.
Independent.co.uk –Friday, 16 May 2008
The world's species are declining at a rate "unprecedented since the extinction of the dinosaurs", a census of the animal kingdom has revealed. The Living Planet Index out today shows the devastating impact of humanity as biodiversity has plummeted by almost a third in the 35 years to 2005.
The report, produced by WWF, the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) and the Global Footprint Network, says land species have declined by 25 per cent, marine life by 28 per cent, and freshwater species by 29 per cent.
Loh, editor of the report, said that such a sharp fall was "completely unprecedented in terms of human history". "You'd have to go back to the extinction of the dinosaurs to see a decline as rapid as this," he added. "In terms of human lifespan we may be seeing things change relatively slowly, but in terms of the world's history this is very rapid."
And "rapid" is putting it mildly. Scientists say the current extinction rate is now up to 10,000 times faster than what has historically been recorded as normal.
As nations meet for the Convention on Biological Diversity in Bonn, these alarming figures will cast a shadow over government pledges to make a "significant" reduction in biodiversity loss by 2010. In fact, the report's authors say that global inaction has already made such a goal totally unattainable.
Tracking nearly 4,000 species between 1970 and 2005, the team has not only revealed the destruction of the Earth's wildlife, but also pointed the finger at the perpetrators of this devastation.
Ben Collen, extinctions researcher at ZSL, said: "Between 1960 and 2000, the human population of the world has doubled. Yet during the same period, the animal populations have declined by 30 per cent. It's beyond doubt that this decline has been caused by humans."
The study picked out five reasons for species decline, all of which can be traced back to human behaviour: climate change, pollution, the destruction of animals' natural habitat, the spread of invasive species, and the overexploitation of species. At a time when America has finally added the polar bear to the endangered species list, it is emerging that the scale of species destruction reaches far beyond the headline animals. But as in the case of the polar bear, mankind's behaviour needs to be radically changed in order to stop this pillaging of the Earth's biodiversity.
Aside from tackling global emissions, the report recommended two ways that species decline could be combated – by avoiding the destruction of animals' natural habitat by overdevelopment or cultivation; and in avoiding the over-farming or fishing of individual species.
Maireid Sullivan
Melbourne, Australia
Rhonda J Mangus
North Tonawanda, New York, United States
Anonymous user
Most RecentMost Recommended Comments (7)
at 21:35 on May 30th, 2008
Maireid Sullivan, I like this story. It's good stuff.
at 22:52 on May 30th, 2008
Thank you, Rhonda.
at 00:04 on May 31st, 2008
Maireid Sullivan, I like this story. It's good stuff.
at 00:13 on May 31st, 2008
Thanks, Greg, good to meet you :)
at 04:37 on May 31st, 2008
Maireid Sullivan, I like this story. It's good stuff. Excellent story Maireid, we have concerns about our fisheries out here in BC, when Fish farming cultivating salmon in penned nets is having a decimating effect on our wild salmon by sea lice from farmed salmon infecting our wild salmon. No easy answers when trying to feed a hungry populace. Thanks for this Maireid,
at 17:05 on May 31st, 2008
Thanks, Barry, Surely there are other ways of managing fisheries! I'd like to read about that if you come across research in the field. Currently, with contamination of waters, all large fish have become poisonous to humans, and the fish farm method is counterproductive!
Here is some good info from Dr Mercola's website - mercola.com - a trustworthy source of info on all health matters:
at 18:48 on May 31st, 2008
Excellent commentary Maireid, that in itself is Good Stuff, thanks for this, it's Great !!!