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Reef fish ‘being eaten to extinction’
The seas off northern Borneo and southern Phillipines are rich in marine life. But the region is also serverely over-fished. Chinese diners and "eating" tourists have proved to be culprits.
This fierce appetite for live reef fish across Southeast Asia – and increasingly in mainland China – is devastating populations in the Coral Triangle, a protected marine region home to the world’s richest ocean diversity, according to a recent report in the scientific journal Conservation Biology.
Spawning of reef fish in this area, which supports 75 per cent of all known coral species in the world, has declined 79 per cent over the past five to 20 years, depending on location, according to the report.
Overfishing in general, and particularly of spawning aggregations that occur when certain species of reef fish gather in one place in great numbers to reproduce, may be the culprit, says Yvonne Sadovy, a biologist at the University of Hong Kong who wrote the report along with scientists from Australia, Hong Kong, Palau and the United States.
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Most RecentMost Recommended Comments (8)
at 09:48 on January 21st, 2009
This really does have to be brought under control as it's not like we can go back on this once we have gone too far.
at 09:54 on January 21st, 2009
I agree with Amy. Enough is enough.
at 21:57 on January 21st, 2009
As with most environmentalist view from the Western Worlds... It's sort of convenient to just say "don't do it." However, like the rain forests or rivers in South America, or Lakes of Africa, the people that live in those areas depend on such economy for the livelihood and survival of those towns, villages and even cities. What we need to state, therefore and take action is to bring alternative ideas, methods of income and resources to those people... We can't just say stop. That is like telling America and Europe to stop using oil... We need to think, create, and establish with massive investment of time, effort and resources to provide an alternative.
What I do know though, as far as reef fishing, at least in ornamental fish for hobbyists and biologists (i.e. home and public aquarium fish), is that a big chunk of prices we pay for these fish are actually going to fund huge education and reform programs in largest locations where they are collected. These programs provide methods of captive breeding, funds breeding farms to reduce the load or eliminate the collection in reefs of certain species of corals, live rocks, algae and fish. Education is also being done on how these complex reefs sustain and survive and to guard against non-permitted fishing, as well as establishment of protection in locations that are threatened (before they are classified endangered.)
In turn, these captive breeding farms, and artificial livestock production facilities give increasing number of fish to hobbyists, while decreasing the load on reefs, and also more importantly, giving an alternative economy that is safer and less destructive to the people who depend on the business of selling, exporting, and collection of fish.
Still much more must be done... AS most of Asian nations grow prosperous and needs for other reasons for fishing like raw materials, and food rises exponentially, we need to provide alternative sources for them through more efficient commerce, economy, and technology and investment. These are very expensive alternatives at start, but the only people who can make these sacrifices (or afford them) are the people of prosperous nations. It's not simple, in these times of receding economy in the Western World, but we must find and make room for these contributions and ideas, if all of us really want to harvest the resources we do have to protect these reef and shallow-water environments.
Please do your part... and stay informed, and make contributions beyond criticisms and words.
As for buying fish, or recommending fish for hobbies or food and resources, take a moment to ask the retailers suppliers, where these are caught and with what permits. And pay the premium prices if such prices are indicative of these efforts and within legality and more importantly if the methods and sources are reflective of the efforts to made to ensure the sustainability of the environment from which they come.
Thank you for a chance...to save the reefs.
at 22:35 on January 21st, 2009
You are correct in part only though Moto-P. Some of the devastation has little to do with lively hood and more with profit, gansterisme and greed. Yet the poor will posh since it is a profitable game and this due to the rich paying for it even if only little of the real value, same for pollution and farming practices. The Industrialize countries dump chemicals to be used for agriculture and yet no one knows how to use them properly and causes great damages. The problem in part lays with a profit based system rather then a need to survive and further their is overpopulation due to modern medicine and of course corruption... The UN has countless studies on the subject and no the problem is not easally solved and blaming does not help, however it does need to be pointed out and awareness has to be created in order to even be able to find solutions. Now you have the information of the damage done as well as the causes and are able to look for solutions to stop it and change it by creating awareness. What you are doing is no different then laying blame your self, with out providing any solutions. Yet you do also show the other side of the coin and this helps to create awareness and try to find solutions.
It is a long process, unfortunately we do lack the time to be diplomatic about it and need to fix the problem rather sooner then latter.
at 07:13 on January 22nd, 2009
Yes of course... The greed of irrational practices of businessmen and those profiting from all the related channels within trade has always been the single most difficult to control elements of regulation and protection. This matter is not isolated to environmental practices nor only in developing nations. We in the USA, and the most advanced cities face this issue in both micro and macro scale, from food and service industry to sanitation, smog, wastes, and materials of construction just to name a few...
Perhaps I was a little too narrow in my last statement of post, and yes, if you include such to be an issue, we do have a very immediate threat that needs a forceful temporary action until such time that a more agreeable decision and systems can be implemented.
However, like all politics one must tread carefully as rash actions can have detrimental effects on future agreements (and more disagreements) toward the goal being focused in the first place.
In any case, let us be aware and take part when we can. Being informed is the first step and disseminating correct information effectively is our key to saving what we all love. For that cause, kudos to this article and message.
at 09:27 on January 22nd, 2009
Places like Cozumel, Mexico have the right idea. Virtually the entire reef system is protected as Wildlife Preserve. Their economy is so dependent on divers, they have taken the steps to ensure that the reefs flourish.
Not only does this make the diving spectacular because the creatures that you see on the reefs do not fear divers and you get to see some amazing things - but it also offers a refuge where the smaller species can thrive and the larger species can come in to feed.
I can only shake my head at places like the Dominican Republic where the waters were fishes so heavily to feed the resort industry that they left the waters empty not only for the divers, but the locals have nothing to fish either.
at 01:37 on January 23rd, 2009
The region in question has some of the world's best diving spots (e.g. Sipadan), but resort management has been poor in the past.
The Sulu Sea is bounded by three countries (Malaysia, Indonesia and Philippines). Let's hope they can cooperate to do something about over fishing.
Alas, it's not known to be one of the safest marine spots on earth - read the Australian government travel advisory about Sabah, or its east coast. So, I'm not hopeful.
at 11:22 on January 23rd, 2009
for more photos please see:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/33847389@N03/
All images copyright Samuel Rowan Heap 2009. Images may not used or distributed without my express permission.
Samuel Rowan Heap has contributed a photo to this story.