Truemors
Secret world of the giant manta ray 
Filming a manta at a cleaning station: Injured mantas are frequent visitors to the station © Andrea Marshall
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Film crew dives into the incredible secret world of the giant manta ray
www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html
By Claire Bates
Last updated at 3:32 PM on 11th November 2009
Gliding through the oceans like ghosts, these mysterious manta rays have been captured in unique footage filmed off the coast of Mozambique.
Biologist Andrea Marshall is shown performing a ballet-like dance with the inquisitive giant fish, which she described as 'the most beautiful underwater birds.'
The experienced diver has been based in the coastal African country since 2003. She spent last year swimming with the black-winged creatures alongside a film crew for a BBC documentary.
Until recently it was thought there was only one species of manta ray, but Dr Marshall realised many of the rays - that can grow up to 23ft long - displayed different markings and behaviour.
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These ocean-faring rays did not stick to the shallow reefs like the others, but migrated 700miles to the Maldives, which is the longest migration known for a fish in the Indian ocean.
The mantas were tracked by the team using a GPS system, which revealed they made their epic voyage in just 60 days.
They also retained a vestigial sting adapted from their sting ray cousins - which has become useless over the centuries and is harmless to humans.
The 30-year-old researcher concluded she was observing two separate species of mantas - one of them totally new to science. The larger mantas kept the name Manta birostris, while Dr Marshall named the reef-going mantas Manta alfredi, after an early biologist.
During her close encounters with the rays, Dr Marshall spotted huge scars on their bodies that had been inflicted by large sharks. She also observed them queuing up to have their wounds tended by cleaner fish, which bit off the dead tissue.
Her research also uncovered a unique gathering place for pregnant female reef mantas in the Maldives, which could be crucial to the species survival. Females only give birth to a single pup after 12 months and Dr Marshall found they rarely gave birth two years in a row.
Dr Marshall works to protect the large and charismatic species at the Manta Ray & Whale Shark Research Centre at Tofo Beach in southern Mozambique.
The documentary's director Mark Woodward said: 'Out at sea, giant mantas risk being captured and gutted for their fins by unregulated fishing, to meet the online demand for so-called traditional Chinese remedies.'
'Andrea: Queen of the Mantas' will be shown on BBC Two at 8pm on Wednesday, 11 November
Source:
www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1226616/Giant-man...
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at 09:31 on November 30th, 2009
Discoveries about the reproductive behaviour of these highly social and inquisitive creatures have also been an important outcome of Andrea’s research. Manta rays are now known to give birth to a single large offspring of about 1.4m after a year of gestation and, once reaching maturity at about 4m across, typically produce a pup every other year. Elaborate and sophisticated courtship displays are performed and they may communicate with one another using specific body posturing and perhaps sound.
Watch a video of Andrea Marshall talking about her discovery.
SOSF aims to learn more about the role of marine species, particularly sharks and rays, and through this knowledge it hopes to raise awareness and conserve the marine realm. Andrea’s many hours underwater have produced information critically needed for the protection of these threatened animals. We now know that there are at least two species, but we need to know a great deal more about their population structure and distribution so that we can devise and implement improved protection measures.
Learn more about Andrea's research project in Mozambique here and download the press release here.
at 18:20 on November 30th, 2009
Manta Rays (Low Resolution Video Version) Save Our Seas In National Geographic Magazine
The photo story ‘Feeding Frenzy’ by Save Our Seas Foundation Chief Photographer Thomas P. Peschak appears in the July issue of National Geographic magazine. The 32 different language editions of the magazine will introduce the manta rays of the Maldives and the pioneering research of Save Our Seas Foundation scientist Guy Stevens to more than 50 million readers. Watch the video below to experience first hand the trials and tribulations of this assignment and see 200 manta rays and half a dozen whale sharks feast on krill in the newly proclaimed Hanifaru marine protected area.
This is the low resolution video for slower connections. There is also a high-bandwidth version