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Got an STD? Send an inSPOT E-Card To Notify Partners
inSPOT.org was developed in 2004 by the Internet Sexuality Information Services (ISIS) for the San Francisco Department of Public Health (SFDPH) in order to address the growing problem of STD notification between gay male sexual partners. Since then, over 50,000 e-cards have been sent among both homosexual and heterosexual partners.
Traditionally, partner notification has been done in person, by phone, or by mail, with the assistance of a public health investigator. The high number of cases of gonorrhea and chlamydia, however, makes partner notification for all named partners impractical in many jurisdictions [7]. Particularly among gay men and other men who have sex with men (G/MSM), who tend to have higher numbers of partners, online notification may be an effective strategy to increase partner notification [8]. Recent survey data suggest that with the ease and privacy of online communication, more patients would be willing to receive notification of possible exposure to disease via e-mail or other new technologies [9].
inSPOT provides 6 e-card templates for individuals to choose from, after which they can choose which sexually transmitted infection (STI) have, add a personal message, and opt to include their email address. The e-mail service does have the option for complete anonymity, as the site doesn't collect or compile any personal information.
Sample e-card phrases include "I got screwed while screwing, you might have too," "It's not waht you brought to the party, it's what you left with," and "You're too hot to be out of action," all followed with the advice that the receipient get checked out.
The impact of this e-service was assessed and discused in a peer-reviewed journal, Public Library of Science (PLoS.) The writers found that while the service is effective in notifying people of possible STD infection, it is impossible to determine the follow-up rates of those receiving the emails and whether or not the e-card prompted them to visit a medical professional for an examination.
So far ten cities (including two in Canada) have adopted inSPOT. Idaho has the lowest usage with just 45 cards sent in 2007, while LA was the highest (again) with 2,782 cards sent in that year. Behind the "other" category which includes cervicitis, crabs, scabies, hepatitis A, B and C, and more (all accounting for about 50% of e-cards), gonorrhea and syphilis were tied for the most commonly e-carded diseases at 15%.
I just wonder what's coming next - sexual health updates via Twitter and Facebook updates? "E-venge" sites are already on the rise as well with blogs like Ex-Girlfriend's Revenge, which not only posted photos of devious men but invited other women to submit their STD horror stories, and of course the famous STD Allstars which had to be shut down when the male in question complained.
The next step for the inSPOT program is to implement it in all US states, and further throughout Canada. It has has already been introduced to other countries after having been translated into Romanian and French, and will soon be available in Spanish as well.
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Most RecentMost Recommended Comments (13)
at 12:33 on October 21st, 2008
This is very interesting, Terri, thanks. On one hand, I am glad some sort of an initiative is being taken with regard to informing partners about STDs, but I agree people might end up twittering and facebooking their health status online. I think what should be encouraged is a two-way direct conversation between partners about STDs before a possibility of infection exists rather than after when the only thing one can do is go see a physician and take diagnostic tests.
at 14:00 on October 21st, 2008
Yeah, it kind of affirms that it's ok to take on sexual partners and then completely detach yourself and act irresponsibly.
Casual sex is one of the main culprits here, I think - it's unplanned, in the heat of the moment, and probably involves being inebriated. But even that is no excuse for not using protection, which lowers the STD risk factor.
at 11:22 on October 22nd, 2008
There is one sentence that you failed to cover in the post above. I appreciate that it was near the end of the PLoS piece so you may well not have read that far. That sentence is:
“While inSPOT was never intended to replace traditional partner notification by public health investigators, it has emerged as a complement to those services.”
This indicates that, as the health intervention it was designed to be, it has been a roaring success. Now it is easy for people to sit and get on the moral high ground about people having high partner numbers and not disclosing that they have an STD but let’s look at a number of factors that go along with this health intervention…
Firstly the advent of the internet has facilitated a whole new environment for gay men to hook up with each other (as inSPOT was designed for gay men, its fair to look at them). Secondly we have, as a result of the internet, very distinctive modes of casual sex. We have the traditional, in the form of gay men who frequent PSE’s and PSV’s (PSE’s are Public Sex Environments such as parks or other outdoor cruising areas and PSV’s are Public Sex Venues, such as bath-houses and sex clubs) Then we have the gay men who arrange sex dates on the internet. This is a very important distinction because not all men who meet in PSE’s & PSV’s actually exchange phone numbers and, most importantly, email addresses. (Remember you have to have an email address to use inSPOT). So this means that the majority of gay men that would be using inSPOT are probably men who use the internet for sex dates.
Gay men’s sexual practices on the internet can often be a highly complex affair. There are quite a few dimensions to it. The obvious being what people actually want to do and the role that they will play during sex. We have the men who like having unprotected sex (like many heterosexuals) and we have men who like having protected sex (like many heterosexuals). We have men who like having unprotected sex who engage in what we call “Sero-Sorting” and these are men who have sex with men with the same sero-status as themselves… so a HIV positive man will seek to have sex with other positive men and HIV negative men will seek to have sex with other HIV negative men. The internet enables these men to discuss, in a responsible fashion, their current sexual health status (that they are aware of). It goes without saying that, of course, there are those people who do not engage in this process.
A service such as inSPOT provides gay men the ability to broach the subject of their subsequent discovery of a disease (that they have been diagnosed with) that they were not aware of at the time of sex. If you have met someone ONCE for sex and you are unlikely to meet them again then this allows you to take the RESPONSIBLE action of alerting them to go and get tested EARLY. This is a crucial factor because it is spectacularly well documented that the existence of an undiagnosed STD in a person who is HIV negative can greatly increase the probability of infection occurring after sexual exposure to HIV.
The point that I am making here is that inSPOT can be a valuable tool in both the prevention of lesser STDs, which in turn can greatly reduce the onward transmission of more major, life threatening and resource draining infections, namely HIV and Hep C.
Failure to make optimum use of new communication technologies will do nothing but fuel these epidemics.
I think it is unfortunate that you chose to use this valuable piece of research by PLoS to grind your own axe and make such moralistic, and might I say ill-considered statements.
At the end of the day responsibility is a two way thing. It is perfectly clear that your country has learnt this least of all as Canada has the dubious honour of prosecuting more people per capita for the sexual transmission of HIV than any other country on the planet! And we all know that such prosecutions stigmatise those living with HIV as well as driving people away from testing services.
Regards!
at 11:33 on October 22nd, 2008
I don't believe I insinuated the service wasn't successful in what it intended to accomplish, or that I'm approaching it from a moralistic high-ground. If you read either into any of what I've written above, then you've grossly misinterpreted my perspective.
I try to make it a habit to read all of the information provided in an article before I write about it, and did manage to make it to the end in this particular instance. There were many other things I also failed to mention, but such is the nature of quoting from a particular source as opposed to highlighting the entire story. I'm glad you took the time to go through and read it and weigh in on this issue, as you also mention many good points with regards to who this e-card service was initially created for.
Cheers
at 13:30 on October 22nd, 2008
Hi Terri,
Firstly sorry for the guff that appeared at the top of the last post! I hope this does not do it again. Dunno how that happened.
Secondly thanks for your rapid response. I hope you do not mind the following comments.
Let me be clear, I actually thought you had provided a good synthesis of the PLoS article up until:
“I just wonder what's coming next - sexual health updates via Twitter and Facebook updates?”
That statement, I feel, suddenly threw a rather negative spin on the rest of the piece. I hope that you can appreciate why I might have come to that conclusion. It kind of smacked of a degree of mock outrage / shock / surprise. Was it meant as ironic?
Then your reply:
“Yeah, it kind of affirms that it's ok to take on sexual partners and then completely detach yourself and act irresponsibly.
Casual sex is one of the main culprits here, I think - it's unplanned, in the heat of the moment, and probably involves being inebriated. But even that is no excuse for not using protection, which lowers the STD risk factor.”
I hope you don’t mind but can we look at this a bit more:
“Yeah, it kind of affirms that it's ok to take on sexual partners and then completely detach yourself and act irresponsibly. “
That is actually a very moral statement because you are saying that it is actually NOT OK to have casual sex partners who you have sex with just the once and not see again. Again this reverts back to my earlier comments about dual responsibility. If the two people are up for it and choose to engage in casual one off anonymous sex then that is actually ok isn’t it?
“Casual sex is one of the main culprits here, I think”
Is it though? Or is the main culprit in this undiagnosed STDs? Disease free casual sex is never really discussed in these stories.
“- it's unplanned, in the heat of the moment, and probably involves being inebriated.”
In view of the casual sex, which would result in people then using inSPOT, is this really so? The act of hooking up on the internet is very much a planned and intentional act. Again as I have pointed out it involves a degree of negotiation. By default it would not be actually in the heat of the moment and the sex is more often than not agreed to in advance. Most of the inebriation involved is at the point of sex.
And finally and I think most importantly:
“But even that is no excuse for not using protection, which lowers the STD risk factor.”
Where do we begin with this last sentence? There are so many factors that come into play when discussing gay men and sexual risk taking that it would be unfair to start discussing them here. I could go on about homophobia impacting on men’s self esteem and how this then leads to elevated risk taking behaviours. But lets keep it simple! How many STDs are transmitted through oral sex and how many people use protection during oral sex?
I hope that this does not read as an attack and makes sense. It is not meant to be! HONEST ; )
BSE
PS compared to some of the other PLoS articles that one was easy to see through to the end… hehehe
at 14:15 on October 22nd, 2008
My position is this: casual sex is fine, if both partners know what they are getting into. I have absolutely no issue with that. The 'negative spin' I am referring to, which I didn't really clearly identify before, would be toward instances where one person knowingly engages another without full disclosure of potential risks. This is what I mean by detaching yourself - knowing that you are putting someone else at risk of contracting your STI and doing it anyway. I assume you would have to be detached in order to act so selfishly.
If you carry an infection it is your duty to inform future sexual partners of any risks they may face. Choosing not to do this out of embarassment is irresponsible.
While I'm sure this e-card service was ideally intended for people who discovered they acquired an STI and wanted to inform past partners, I have no doubt that people abuse the service in order to spare themselves of having to disclose their relevant sexual history with future partners. By sending an e-card, they don't have to endure the awkward conversation with a stranger about that pesky case of gonorhhea, and still get to maintain some modicum of dignity by at least letting their partner know anonymously after the fact.
Casual sex is one thing, but casual anonymous sex where one partner is knowingly exposing the other to sexual disease is another.
And, with all the media attention around inSPOT in the past couple of years, I really don't think you can categorize the service as one intended for homosexual men alone - they even changed the nature of the cards to be more applicable to hetero couples as well. I've made no attempts to generalize my statements toward gay men alone, here.
Thanks for the continued dialogue!
at 07:04 on October 24th, 2008
Since some people find out they've been dumped via status change, using social networking to tell someone about transmission of an STD is not inconceivable, though it's admittedly (very) unlikely!
(the code junk at the top of your comment is xml jetsam from Word, by the way- I took the liberty of deleting it)
at 12:53 on October 21st, 2008
I think that the inSPOT service is great. It takes a lot of the potential embarrasment out of the whole disclosure of infection out of the equation. Yeah there is the valid point about how many people follow it up, but then is it not better to be informed and treated sooner rather than later and potentially reduce the amount of STDs we have in the community.
The internet has revolutionised sex and makes it so much easier for people to hook up, so lets use it to help hook people up with GU services sooner rather than later... : )
yuls.source - you are right about encouraging open dialogue, however we need to challenge the mindset of expecting the other person to tell first. Remove such expectations and such a plan might work.
at 14:34 on October 22nd, 2008
After reading the insightful comments here, I completely see the other side to this whole debate. I have to be honest, I did not think about the individuals who meet one another for the purpose of having sex with the intent never to see one another again. So I suppose this e-mail service is a courtesy to your previous partner to let them know something has been discoverd.
However, I just cannot wrap my head around it completely. I just think that if someone is going to take on that kind of a sexual experience, then they should have all the facts about themselves before doing so. And if that means, waiting for test results then that is what they will have to do. We are all responsible for ourselves as nobody else is going to be for us.
I just think that this kind of a service is going to generate more of a negative response than a positive one - maybe I just should not think that way. I feel like while it is an excellent idea, it may be an outlet for some people to not have to face up to their responsibilities in their sexual lives.
at 14:31 on October 21st, 2008
I think this is a terrible idea!
If you are not mature enough to talk about something like this with your partner then you are not mature enough to be having sex in the first place!
at 14:51 on October 25th, 2008
Terri Potratz, I like this story. It's good stuff. We need to get as much info up and out about stds as possible - there is no one way to deal with the issue as there is no one way that people interact to have sex - this service serves a purpose for a group of people that can't face things out for one reason or another - but the infected person needs to know - it's better they know somehow that they've been possibly infected or infected someone rather than not at all - it's always perhaps better to get the info from a person direct but it doesn't change the fact that one might be infected and that's the important info.
at 18:35 on November 15th, 2008
Interesting.
bwphotography has contributed a photo to this story.
at 06:23 on December 1st, 2008
I know there are many stds out there that need to be taken seriously but dont you think that this may be abused by other people? Also what about peoples own responsibility. They did the deed and so they should bite the bullet. Like you said detatching your self from them after the fact. Thats not the way it should be and thats why we have these problems in the first place.