Nepal's Corrupt Telecommunications Sector

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Nepal Telecom

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I knew that there would be a long serpent queue-but I’d not even thought that it will be as long as about 5-10 kilometers! I knew that I’d have
to wake up early in the morning to get first in the queue- but I would
have never believed if I’d not seen it with my own eyes- there were
people in their sleeping bags in front of the Nepal Telecom (NT)
branch-offices from the midnight! After seeing that a queue of about two to three thousands people had already formed in New Bus-park telecom branch at Gongabu, we had almost lost our hopes.

I called my friend, Daya, through Mero Mobile SIM-card, Nepal’s
only private telecom besides valley-confined United Telecom Limited, to
look if there was also a long queue at his neighborhood area-Teku. He
was still at home at 5 am- and I asked him to quickly check out. It turned out as expected- there was less crowd at Teku office. So, we took a micro-bus to Teku. There
was not a ‘fare’ or any festival- but thousands of people turned out to
queue up at Teku, Gongabu, Bhadrakali, Tripureshwor, Bhaisepati,
Chhauni, Balambu, and Patan among other NT branches in the valley today
as the state-owned telecom started distribution of pre-paid mobile SIM-cards from its offices in
all three districts-Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Lalitpur- in the valley
and Dhading district as well.

As usual, I was talking with my friends in the micro-bus. One of the
passengers heard our conversation, and spoke to us. He said, “SIM-cards were also distributed yesterday.” How could it be? I asked him since
the official date of distribution was April 6, 2007.
But as it turned out- he had a relative in the telecom. It was an
obvious guess- one of my friend, Sameer (name-changed) has also close ties with a driver of a high-level gazetted officer of the telecom. My
friend’s SIM-card was handed over to him in a jiffy- while the real
ordeal was awaiting us at Teku. My friend said that the driver earns up
to three to four times his government salary from this “side-business”.

We arrived at Teku at around 7 am. Daya and Sameer were standing in the queue together. Sameer had come to give company to us. After spending some time talking with the two men standing in front of and behind our
friends- we were finally able to win their sympathy and jump right
between our friends. But we were afraid if other people would also jump
between their friends! So, I went to check how the queue was being
organized. It turned out that few volunteers along with the guard of
the telecom office was writing serial numbers on the forms. But they
were not signing anyone of them? Anyone could copy the number in his
handwriting and write onto theirs! How could they be so careless?

I couldn’t stop myself from asking one of the volunteer (who later
turned out to be a Youth Communist League (YCL) Maoist cadre) if they had thought about this. He said, “We’ll look after that.” Then, when I
went to my own place- I found that the numbers were repeated in two forms each in our group of six people
alone? I went to told them that they had committed a mistake- that they have written same numbers in two different forms. This time, one of
them said, “It won’t matter. We’ll look into that. Go, stand at your
own line.” My number was 1316- and one stranger behind me had also the same number! How could they be so careless? This thought crossed my
mind again.

Countdown begins at 10 am. The offices start distributing SIM-cards. After 40 minutes, we hear
that some 400 SIM-cards have been already distributed. Then after two hours- we hear that some 900 SIM-cards have been handed over to the
people who had sit in the queue. But one of the cops who were
organizing the queue informed people who were asking them that the
telecom officers had already issued about 2000 SIM-cards! Then another buzz- the people who were waiting in front of the telecom office saw
many persons coming out of the office with bundles of SIM-cards each.
And I could feel anger within the crowd of thousands of people. I heard
that 4000 people had been given serial ‘numbers’.

My father had said to me earlier this morning, “Maoists will have cell
phones now. A Maoist (Krishna Bahadur Mahara) is the Information and
Communication minister, now we don’t have to attest the copies of
citizenship and application form by gazetted government officers to get
new SIMs!” I realized that this was truth. As soon as the Maoist’s
party spokesman, Mahara, became minister, the first thing he has done
is formulating a new provision that makes the SIM-cards available
immediately after the forms are registered. And the Maoists cadres who
had written same numbers on our forms had done so deliberately to get
their people ‘in’ the queue out of nowhere. But who could speak up
against them?

According to Kantipur Daily website, there were minor scuffles among
customers waiting in line for their turn in Bhaktapur and Kirtipur. We
also heard that the angry crowd smashed glasses of Chauni offices. The situation was no different here as well. I had the photograph of the
man who had written same numbers on our forms- and I showed those
volunteers, cops and guards to prove our innocence. Many a times- I’d
to shout back in an angry tone. There were angered people in front of
the office who were not given SIM-cards for not-so-important reasons.
It seemed as if might is right. Those who shout to prove their
innocence was given chance to remain in the queue despite having same numbers- those who remained quiet were kicked out of the line.

It was around 1:30 pm when we finally reached the office gate. We made our way into the office. As we mounted the stairs to the first floor, I could see people
busy registering their forms, paying and receiving SIM-cards at some
counters. I registered my number, and Sameer followed me. We then got our SIM-cards after fulfilling necessary requirements. We were asked to
exit- when I heard a man behind me telling to a policeman, “Keep those
SIM-cards in your pocket.” The cop nodded. I couldn’t think of anything
else- such corruption in front of the public. I ran to take the
photograph of this cop with a cell-phone. He had a bundle of SIM-cards
in his hands- my friends also saw him putting them inside his pockets.
I followed him outside- and there was already angry crowd shouting
against the frauds.

I followed the cop- but he took a three-wheeler tempo to Ratnapark. I
began to wonder if he was a real policeman- or a Maoists’ cadre. But
the scene in front of the office gate turned nasty for a while- and two
local ‘gang’ members who were wearing long hairs and t-shirts- were
manhandling the ‘legitimate’ people who were standing on the queue
under the scorching sun for more than eight hours! One of them pulled
the collar of a man who was standing at the gate in front of the office
and threw him out of the line along with other people. He was helping
the policemen to maintain control of the situation! Nobody fears
policeman- but people fear these dons here.

I was shooting video with my cell-phone when I heard someone shouting to beat me up. I turned back and showed my ID card of a journalist- they
apologized.

After some time, as expected, in front of those junkies, people preferred to be calm and under control. Obviously, the junkies were also paid up.

Nepalis prefer to have a Nepal Telecom Corporation (NTC) SIM-card because NTC has made life difficult of private telecoms- especially Spice Nepal
(Mero Mobile). It is NTC which makes decision and provisions regarding
the telecommunications sector in the country- and it always create
problems when a person tries to call Mero Mobile user from its network.
We can’t easily call Mero Mobile users with NTC landline phone sets or
cell phones. Moreover, it’s expensive too. So, there is no alternative
but to use a NTC SIM-card. While one can easily get Mero SIM-cards from
any paan-shop or telephone booth, one would have to go through a lot of dramas to get one NT SIM-card.

To get one, you can either wait for months and go through the ordeals I mentioned above- or choose a rather very simple path- pay three times
the actual price of the SIM which is Rs. 1135. This is Nepal-
you don’t have to even wait for the next official date of distribution-
pay now, you’ll get a SIM in your hand the next moment.

According to The Himalayan Times, the NT had distributed about 70,000 SIM-cards of pre-paid mobile phones on Friday alone. It has distributed a total
of 720,000 SIM cards of which only 100,000 are post-paid cards till
date. Similarly, Spice Nepal has distributed over 400,000 Mero-Mobile SIM-cards so far.

Also published in Kathmandu Speaks