Tibet is a remote and mostly Buddhist territory in Asia also known as the "roof of the world". It is governed by China as an autonomous region, but the loyalties of many Tibetans lie with their exiled spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama.

In 1959, the 14th Dalai Lama fled Tibet set up a government in exile in India, following a failed and bloody uprising against Chinese rule.

Most of Tibet's monasteries were destroyed in the 1960s and 1970s during China's Cultural Revolution. Many Tibetans are believed to have been killed during periods of repression and martial law. China eased its grip on Tibet in the 1980s, introducing reforms and boosting investment; Beijing says Tibet has developed considerably under its rule.

However campaigners say China continues to violate human rights, accusing Beijing of political and religious repression - claims which China denies.

On the 50th anniversary of the uprising, the Dalai Lama launched a verbal attack on China, saying his people had been through "living hell" and called for Tibet's "legitimate and meaningful autonomy". China dismissed the attack as a lie.

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