A Military Guide to Haiti Operations and NGOs-Update

by snuffysmith | January 13, 2010 at 09:42 am
700 views | 4 Recommendations | 6 comments

This is an information piece for all of NonPublic's viewers around the world.


In an effort to promote cooperation with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) engaged in humanitarian relief operations and to enhance its own emergency response capabilities, the Department of Defense has published a newly updated "Guide to Nongovernmental Organizations for the Military" (pdf).
When a devastating earthquake struck Haiti yesterday, several disaster relief organizations such as Oxfam and Doctors Without Borders were already in place and functioning.  Meanwhile, a spokeswoman for U.S. Southern Command told the Washington Post that "the military was just beginning to assess what resources it has in the region and ... said no official request for help had reached the U.S. military."  (That now seems to have changed, and a U.S. government response team is expected to arrive in Haiti today, according to the Associated Press.)

In fact, when it comes to disaster relief, NGOs and the military each have comparative strengths and weaknesses.  NGOs have greater flexibility, efficiency and responsiveness, are not hampered by the regulatory constraints that limit military operations, and are perceived as politically neutral.  "With staff members immersed in local populations, NGOs can absorb information faster than militaries can, often because militaries are isolated by force protection requirements," the DoD Guide acknowledges.

On the other hand, military forces are far superior in their logistical and communications capabilities, and when necessary can bring force to bear to establish secure zones.  Also, "militaries can provide extensive intelligence information about population movements, security conditions, road, river, and bridge conditions, and other information pertinent to conducting humanitarian operations."

And, the DoD Guide says, "Militaries can respond to maritime and/or chemical, biological radiological, nuclear and high yield explosives (CBRNE) emergencies.  NGOs have almost no capacity."

"When working within a humanitarian emergency, it often appears that the military and NGOs speak different languages and have widely varying and potentially incompatible missions, capacities, and knowledge," the Guide concludes.  "This is not necessarily true, and opinions are changing on both sides."

The 363-page DoD Guide presents a fairly comprehensive introduction to the structure, functions and characteristic activities of non-governmental relief organizations. 

"The guide book answers a need which is increasingly recognized in the military, to be able to work alongside NGOs and others who have experience and networks in the field," Dr. Warner Anderson of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs) told Secrecy News.

The author, Dr. Lynn Lawry of the Center for Disaster and Humanitarian Assistance Medicine, is herself an NGO worker and researcher, with relief experience in Iraq, Afghanistan, Liberia, Rwanda, Congo and other areas of conflict.  The "Guide to Nongovernmental Organizations for the Military," dated Summer 2009, was recently made public.  A copy is available on the Federation of American Scientists website.

Relief organizations accepting donations to provide assistance to earthquake survivors in Haiti include the Red Cross, Mercy Corps International, American Jewish World Service, and Catholic Relief Services.

 

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snuffysmith

The Calm Before The Storm in Haiti -- Information Dissemination

On Friday morning as you wake up and read this post, there will begin to be media panic that chaos is breaking out throughout Port-au-Prince. The State Department and SOUTHCOM have hopefully already predicted this event in the unfolding crisis. We are entering a 48-72 hour phase where the absence of physical security becomes a contributing factor to the existing catastrophe. It will not be an indicator of failure however, even if it may be suggested as such on TV as hours and hours of coverage unfold over a three day weekend in the United States. It should, however, serve as a reminder that failure to set expectations with strategic communications by US government leadership to both our citizens and the world over the last 48 hours will have set back our global strategic communications efforts made in the emerging soft power campaign.

Read more ....

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snuffysmith

More News On The US Military Response To The Haiti Disaster

Pentagon defends response time of Haiti aid efforts -- Christian Science Monitor
Rescue Ops in Haiti: ‘The First 72 Hours Are Critical’ -- The Danger Room
Ships, troops arriving in Haiti -- Politico
US military moves in troops, ships to aid quake-hit Haiti -- AFP
First U.S. military aid reaches quake-stricken Haiti -- CNN
US Military Haiti Relief Operation -- Associated Content
FACTBOX-U.S. military mobilizes thousands for Haiti relief -- Forexpros

Coast Guard was one of the first to Haiti… and I don’t think we’ll be leaving anytime soon -- USNI
U.S. Navy ships head for Haiti -- UPI
U.S. Carrier Carl Vinson Joins Relief Effort -- Wall Street Journal
U.S. carrier to serve as ‘floating airport’ for Haiti operation -- National Post
Local military providing aid in Haiti -- Hampton Roads
USNS Hospital Ship Comfort gets ready to sail -- Baltimore Sun
U.S. Navy Hospital Ship Enlisted for Haiti Mission -- Wall Street Journal
Tweets From the Front Lines of Haiti Relief -- The Danger Room

U-​​2 Flights Likely Over Haiti; Predator May Go - -DoD Buzz
Drones the First to Arrive in Haiti -- Defense Tech
U.S. Diverts Spy Drone from Afghanistan to Haiti -- The Danger Room
Robots Aid Rescue Teams in Haiti -- Robots.net
Air Force battles chaos at Haiti's airport -- USA Today
Air Force Coordinates Military Relief For Haiti -- SCPR

Just Over 300 US Troops On Ground In Haiti -- Newsroom America
US military arrives to restore law to Haiti's ravaged capital -- Times Online
U.S. Military May Deploy Troops in Haiti -- CBS News
Marines Prep for Haiti “Humanitarian Invasion” -- War is Boring

Is Pentagon’s Haiti Mission a Model for a New Security Role? -- New York Times

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snuffysmith

Military ‘Working Feverishly’ to Help Haiti, Commander Says - Donna Miles, American Forces Press Service. With Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates’ committing all available military resources to the Haiti relief effort, U.S. Southern Command is “working feverishly and aggressively ” to get them there as quickly as possible, its commander said today. “We are making use of every asset we have,” Air Force Gen. Douglas Fraser told reporters at his Miami headquarters. “And our focus remains very definitely on making sure we get relief to Haiti as absolutely soon as we can get it there.” The U.S. military has 329 troops on the ground in Haiti, and that number is expected to increase to more than 750 by tomorrow, and almost 1,000 by the week’s end, Fraser reported. That’s in addition to more than 2,000 Marines, slated to arrive aboard three ships of an amphibious readiness group, along with heavy-lift helicopters, Jan. 19. The Marines are assigned to the 22nd Marine Expeditionary Unit at Camp Lejeune, N.C. An initial company of about 100 82nd Airborne paratroopers, assigned to Bravo Company, 1st Battalion, 73rd Infantry, at Fort Bragg, N.C., arrived in Haiti today, with the remainder en route, Fraser said. They’ll be followed tomorrow by a command and control element from the division’s 2nd Brigade Combat Team and additional 2nd BCT paratroopers. Over the next four days, about 700 additional soldiers will deploy to support relief efforts, he said. Meanwhile, the USS Carl Vinson, an aircraft carrier home-ported in Norfolk, Va., is slated to arrive in Haiti tomorrow, carrying 19 helicopters and 30 pallets of relief goods, Fraser said. The Vinson will provide a critical platform for support for the heavily damaged island, he said. And the hospital ship USNS Comfort is being readied in Baltimore, expected to get underway Jan. 16 and arrive in Haiti Jan. 21. Once on station, its crew will be able to provide medical care for up to 1,000 patients in 12 operating rooms. The Coast Guard, which maintains a regular presence in the region, has four major cutters – 210 feet and larger and equipped with helicopter decks – to provide lift capability and security, Coast Guard 7th District Commander Rear Adm. Steve Branham reported. Two additional Coast Guard cutters are on the way to Haiti, he said, as well as a buoy tender vessel that will provide heavy-lift capability to support the effort. Coast Guard fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft also are on site, providing airlift to move supplies into Haiti and to medevac critically injured patients, Branham said. Air Force Lt. Gen. P.K. "Ken" Keen, Southcom’s deputy commander, is on the ground in Haiti, commanding the joint task force.-- 

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snuffysmith

Haiti: What We’re Getting Into - Tim Sullivan, AEI's Center for Defense Studies (CDS).

In the weeks ahead, the Center for Defense Studies will be producing a series of backgrounders on the U.S. military’s relief mission in Haiti. To view the first of these ”Issue Alerts,” which outlines the U.S. forces deployed the Haiti and the unexpected challenges they may face there, click here.

More at CDS.

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snuffysmith

Aid Surge Gets Going in Haiti - Tina Susman and Joe Mozingo and Julian E. Barnes, Los Angeles Times. The leading edge of a massive relief effort gained a toehold around the Haitian capital Friday, with the U.S. military taking control of the airport and helicopters ferrying supplies from an aircraft carrier positioned off the coast. But deep within the city's neighborhoods, residents fended for themselves -- evacuating those who could go, caring for those who couldn't and putting to rest those who would move no more. Hundreds of doctors and aid workers and tons of supplies arrived at the airport, now teeming with traffic. U.S. officials said their goal was to land an aid flight every 20 minutes. Through the weekend, the U.S. military contingent assigned to the relief effort will grow to as many as 10,000, the officials said. As aid poured in, those trying to distribute it faced the challenge of punching through mountains of rubble, smashed cars and streets strewn with bodies to reach a population clamoring for help. Aside from a few police officers trying to control crowds at a gas station or direct traffic, there was virtually no sign of any authority in Port-au-Prince. The capital seemed remarkably calm three days after being devastated by a magnitude 7.0 earthquake, despite the growing frustration of people with no food, water or shelter.

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snuffysmith

Some Advice for Military Humanitarians
by Colonel Gary Anderson

Download the full article: Some Advice for Military Humanitarians

For military personnel assigned to conduct humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations (HA/DR) in Haiti, I’ll offer some thoughts from someone who has done a few of these things and studied them extensively.


Colonel Gary Anderson is a retired Marine Corps officer. He was the J-3 (Operations Officer) for operation SEA ANGEL in Bangladesh and has done several published studies on HA/DR.

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