Sustain America's Greatness: Reject American Exceptionalism

by ishambat | September 16, 2010 at 03:03 am
356 views | 9 Recommendations | 5 comments

When I was in high school, I confronted my European History teacher with a statement made in a book by former US Secretary of State Zbigniew Brzezinski that at the beginning of 19th century China produced as much steel as did England. My teacher ridiculed the statement, claiming that nobody had anything close to England's industrial capacity until late 19th century. I later found out through independent research that Brzezinski's statement was true, and that in early 19th century England and China each produced 30% of the world's steel. But even to this day many people in the West, including Harvard-educated historians such as my teacher, know nothing of this fact.

There are candidates in politics now who want to turn American educational system to Eurocentrism and American exceptionalism. And the answer to all these people is that in doing what they do they are inweighing against the very things that made the Western Civilization, and America in particular, the leader of the world in the first place. The Western Civilization (and United States in particular) achieved its greatness through science; technology; ingenuity; innovation; knowledge; democracy; freedom of information; and fact. And in militating against such things the right-wing candidates are undermining the very things that made their country great in the first place.

In 18th century, a Chinese emperor rejected England's offer of trade with China, saying that his "celestial empire" already had everything, and that there was nothing that the pathetic island of England could offer it. Pursuant this decision China entered a period of decline and stagnation as the Western civilization blossomed through scientific and technological innovation. This disastrous decision led China to fall steeply behind - a catastrophic decline from which China is only now beginning to recover.

And in choosing to ignore reality and embrace a factually wrong view of history and encourage a crabby, arrogant attitude on the part of American people, the right-wing politicians are at risk of putting America in the same position as the Chinese emperor had placed his "celestial empire."

It does not help that there are ideologies out there that claim that there is no such thing as real innovation or originality, or that anyone who has any idea other than that of the people around him is a narcissist or a sociopath. It does not help that there are ideologies out there that claim that only good comes from Christ and that everything else is the work of the Devil. The world will not stop practicing intelligence and innovation, even if America does. And that will unquestionably lead America to decline in relation to the rest of the world for as long as its people practice such attitudes.

To actually be an American patriot and benefit the country in a meaningful way one must know what made it great in the first place. Ingenuity, innovation, knowledge, fact, and freedom of information, are at the root of everything, material and political, that America has. Other countries had Jesus; other countries had armies; other countries had capitalism; other countries had people willing to die for them or to work hard or to pledge allegiance to the flag. America is not exceptional in this regard. It is exceptional in its embrace of ingenuity and innovation, and it is to this that are owed America's greatest accomplishments.

Those who want to embrace a factually wrong view of history, like those who want to misplace credit for America's greatness, claiming it to be based on "traditional values" that existed in Europe and Middle East and in only a slightly different form in China and India long before they existed in America, are militating against the very things that are responsible for America's accomplishments. And for America to remain an exceptional country, it must reject the factually wrong Eurocentrism and the equally wrong American exceptionalism, along with the other lies of the American Right that are contributing to this error.

To the people who would from this expect me to be a Marxist, my response is that the Marxist view of history is as wrong as the right-wing view of history. Besides describing China and India as feudalist and Native Americans as stone-age tribes, Marx offered no real informed insight into any of these societies. His linear conception of history is wrong in light of basic human reality as much as it is wrong in light of historical fact. At the time that Europe was in the Dark Ages, China had half the world's GDP; India and Middle East had great architecture and advanced mathematics; and Africa had a city of a million people. While the Western Civilization progressed as a result of Renaissance and then later as a result of European Enlightenment and American Revolution, all of these civilizations declined and are only now getting back on their feet. There is no such thing as linear history, and there is no such thing as historical inevitability. Human choice makes it possible at any time to change history of any place in any direction. And in all cases, these choices bear logically predictable results.

Rejecting Eurocentrism and American exceptionalism will enhance and sustain America's greatness. It will take away from people the intellectual crutches that they are using to sustain their pride as citizens of a great country while they are themselves doing nothing great for their country themselves. It will give people incentive to actually add to their country's greatness, instead of relying on the work of their ancestors to maintain their national pride while themselves doing nothing that merits pride. And that will do much to result in America remaining a great country instead of following 18th century China's path to failure and decline.

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5
Karen Hatter

The battle to portray history in the terms of exceptionalism has gained momentum.

After three days of turbulent meetings, the Texas Board of Education on Friday approved a social studies curriculum that will put a conservative stamp on history and economics textbooks, stressing the superiority of American capitalism, questioning the Founding Fathers’ commitment to a purely secular government and presenting Republican political philosophies in a more positive light.

The vote was 10 to 5 along party lines, with all the Republicans on the board voting for it.

The board, whose members are elected, has influence beyond Texas because the state is one of the largest buyers of textbooks. In the digital age, however, that influence has diminished as technological advances have made it possible for publishers to tailor books to individual states.

In recent years, board members have been locked in an ideological battle between a bloc of conservatives who question Darwin’s theory of evolution and believe the Founding Fathers were guided by Christian principles, and a handful of Democrats and moderate Republicans who have fought to preserve the teaching of Darwinism and the separation of church and state.

The forces of suspicion and anger may be exaggerated in the Lone Star State. They're also compounded by a strong streak of Texas exceptionalism.


It dates back to the War of Independence against Mexico and the founding of the Republic of Texas in 1836, says historian David McComb, professor emeritus at Colorado State University. Texans have a "kind of macho, frontier, independent attitude of 'I can do what I damn well please and nobody else can tell me,' " he says.


The independent strain has a racial dimension. Conservative, rural whites embrace it most fervently, says McComb.


In 2004, Texas became the fourth state in the union (after Hawaii, New Mexico, and California) to be "majority minority"—to have a population that is less than 50 percent white.


The less dominant whites become in Texas, the more some of them cling to a mythical past of the cowboy and oilman. "A lot of these conservatives don't want to change. The ground is moving underneath them, and they don't want to recognize that and don't know what to do about it. So they join a tea-party group and strap on a six-gun and strut around," McComb says.

2
Piobar

America did not have the market cornered on ingenuity and industrialism either. Indeed, the United States had been behind the times until the end of the Nineteenth Century. What allowed American dominance around the world was economic gains made by selling materials to European countries who were bankrupting themselves in war. The First World War was almost over when the US troops landed, Britain and her colonies focusing all their assets on winning. As were Germany, Austro-Hungary, France and others, their colonial holdings being squeezed for every last drop of support. America was able to supply equipment, without being dragged into someone else's conflict. The same happened again in the Second World War, though this time, the USA was pulled in sooner, and not just to protect investments and ensure repayment of loans by war-ravaged allies.

The thing to remember about history is that facts can be verified, but they can also be manipulated to express whatever the author wants. I have personally written articals when I was in University that seem to give a compelling case that Marshall Aid was the worst thing to happen to Europe since Attilla the Hun said "I think I would like to take a little trip out West." I have family who were taught that the USA won the War of 1812, and never knew the British razed the White House.

History is subjective, it hints at things gone by, key facts cannot be denied, such as the fact that in the first half of the Twentieth Century, US dominance in world affairs begain to expand. America is a great nation, with a history of industrious, hard working, honorable men. There were some scum bags too. That is human nature. If there are people who wish to whitewash the scum away, and highlight the heros, I cannot fault them for that. But it is through comparison with the negative that we can appreciate the positive.

As a person who has studied history, I have seen many examples of how nations' power and dominance ebb and flow. Nothing is eternal. Trying to show that America developed out of other great nations, and is now the final stage in social development and evolution may reassure some, but for the majority, it hides the fact that the world is always in flux. No one nation can claim a monopoly on greatness. Power, indeed, is quantifiable. US military and economic clout have been undeniable for the last half a century. Times are changing, the US economy faltering, and the US military over stretched.

Let the Texas school board turn a blind eye to reality, with false representations of the past. History is always at best an interpretation. But when their world comes crashing down, and another nation takes centre stage, the shock will be all the greater, as they will have raised a generation blind to the facts of today, based on the lies of yesterday.

4
Karen Hatter

Piobar, it is true that history is mostly interpretation. The real danger, in these times, is the movement to throw out any and all history that is deemed to make America and the founding fathers or honest Americans descended from the original European founders of the nation look bad.

This is a position Klansman David Duke and Right Wing conservative Patrick Buchanan have peddled for years. Guess it may finally be catching on.     

The methodology desired? Concerted efforts to gloss over pesky details related to the 'peculiar institution' known as slavery, the history of the attempts to annihilate the original inhabitants, also known as Native Americans, a desire to elevate the witch hunt atmosphere and era of McCarthyism to proof of patriotism, to name three subjects believed to be in need of re-writing in the history books.

2
Piobar

Bringing back the McCarthy era seems to be doing pretty well these days. Though instead of communists, it is Muslims. Though communism has not lost its place as the slander of choice for many on the 'right wing,' it would seem. But my point was more that, while I do not approve of twisting history to suit the desires of a ruling minority in order to control the minds of the majority, it is nothing new. Sometimes it can even work....

It CAN have serious consequences, however. A generation that grows up believing America has never lost a war, sent off to Vietnam, only to be abandoned for not winning, and then have those in power make the claim that it was not a lost war but a failed policing action comes to mind. It is an unfortunate course of action that has been chosen, and will likely only bring more hostility and conflict, as John Foxe's Book of Martyrs, now almost totally discredited by historians as a propeganda tool, used to further hatred of Catholics in England and entrench the Anglican church, rather than an accurate account of the acts propegated by Mary in the name of Catholicism. The result was long term descrimination, Catholics being second class citizens, not to be trusted, and often to be used as scapegoats. So then, as now, facts become muddled, or swept under the rug, because the truth is inconvenient.

But this is also the result of teaching people what to think, rather than how to think... is it the case that what a person thinks should be less important than why they think it? If I can deductively prove that the earth is flat, using a sound argument to back it up, the facts do not change, though my argument is valid. If I am raised thinking that the world is flat, and never question it, in the face of a valid argument, of sound proof, to the contrary, however, that is dangerous.

People raised to believe something, against all evidence to the contrary, such as certain races being more or less human, because that is what they were told, is no different than the blind belief that the world is flat, or that one Nation is better than another, not based on facts, but blind faith.

My appologies if I seem to be rambling; basically I agree with you, and think that while it can be an effective means for unifying a nation, it usually ends with internal conflict and discrimination, rather than peace and brotherhood, and benefits for all.

2
Karen Hatter

Your point is not as rambling as you believe it to be and, Piobar, it is very true that the habit of twisting history is old, possibly as old as humankind.

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Karen Hatter
First Flagged at 4:59 AM, Sep 16, 2010 by Karen Hatter

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