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U.S. TV's Digital Deadline: Obama Era's First Consumer Crisis?
• Delay the end of analog "TV as usual" or face viewer wrath come February
• Millions to be "disenfranchised" from free over-the-air service?
GET POLITICAL w/ VIC LIVINGSTON
As President-Elect Obama concentrates on tackling the America’s economic crisis, a hi-tech cultural crisis that could enrage millions looms on the video horizon.
Despite clear warning signs that millions of TV households aren’t ready, the Federal Communications Commission is moving forward to enforce a law that requires broadcast stations to permanently turn off so-called “analog” signals on February 17, 2009, to be replaced with a new digital "DTV" technology that most stations already have up and running.
If that cut-off date holds, only those who are equipped with recent-model digital TVs or government-subsidized digital-to-analog set-top converter boxes will be able to continue to receive free, over-the-air television.
(Those who buy cable or satellite TV, and are willing to pay extra to receive high-definition broadcast channels they otherwise could get over the air for free, don’t have to worry about the analog signal shut-off.)
But antenna-dependent analog set viewers who fail to upgrade their equipment will wake up to nothing but snow and static on the morning of February 18th -- unless lawmakers and regulators come to their senses and delay the “death of analog” until the public is truly ready for the digital switchover.
DTV TAXPAYER BILLIONS ALREADY SPENT
The government has spent some $2 billion to subsidize the cost of those set-top converters, and millions on advertising to make public aware of the so-called “digital TV transition.” But the Nielsen TV ratings company estimates that nearly 9 million TV households -- almost half of those who depend on over-the-air signals to get their TV -- have yet to purchase either a new digital set, or a set-top converter box.
(U.S. government-issued coupons good for $40 off the typical $60 selling price are available on request. Officials say about 60 percent of households with only analog sets have requested coupons, limited to two per family.)
Among the most “unready” viewers are people who cannot easily adapt to the changing TV landscape -- the poor, the elderly, people who don’t understand English (mainly, those of Hispanic descent), or simply those who just can’t get with the program -- the “technically challenged.”
Technological differences between digital and analog signals compound the situation. Digital signals are capable of providing a crystal-clear picture in full high-definition on high-def sets -- but signals are not as robust in fringe reception areas as old-fashioned analog.
In fringe areas, older analog sets still can receive a weak signal -- degraded by “ghosting” and “snow,” but still viewable. Digital signals, however, suffer from what’s termed the “cliff effect.” At the outer edges of a station’s signal “footprint,” the digital picture may suddenly dissolve into colored blocks that resemble an impressionist painting, and then go to black -- no picture at all.
SNOW AND STATIC FOR VIEWERS WHO WAIT?
Many viewers who can get a decent analog picture won’t know if they can receive full digital service until they actually get a digital set or install a converter box. If people who live in fringe signal areas wait until the last minute, they may find they’re unable to receive digital TV with their existing antenna. Those who receive adequate signals with indoor “rabbit ears” may discover that they need a roof-top antenna to receive all of the channels they got before.
Yet the industry’s advertising campaign has made scant mention of the antenna issue. That means many people still watching on analog sets may not realize they may have to install a roof-top antenna, or re-aim their old antenna, to continue to receive all available broadcast channels.
If the death of analog TV service isn’t pushed back, “there’s going to be an outcry like you’ve never seen,” predicts Michael Silbergleid, veteran television trade journal editor and writer. “Within a week of the shut-off, I predict that Congress will meet in an emergency session to reverse the decision.”
So why don’t regulators and the TV industry stave off a public relations nightmare and postpone the analog shut-off? Silbergleid notes that the end of analog has been pushed back before -- and that the government has invested a lot of taxpayer money in the converter coupon program and the DTV transition information campaign.
More delay, he says, could prompt criticism that the DTV transition program has turned into a wasteful boondoggle. “So they’re just hoping it works out.”
SMARTER TO TAKE IT SLOW?
Silbergleid thinks it would have been wiser to do the DTV transition more gradually, with analog shut-off put off for as long as another decade -- or at least until Aug. 31, 2011, which is the Canadian target date for analog shut-off. The tech writer also criticizes government regulators for adopting DTV signal transmission standards that aren’t as powerful and robust as the system now in use in Europe.
But Broadcasting & Cable magazine says that U.S. regulators and industry officials insist that the February deadline will stick -- despite widespread acknowledgment that many antenna-dependent viewers may be caught with their reception down.
Get Political believes that this state of digital TV affairs cannot stand. It’s not the public’s fault that many consumers aren’t ready; in our opinion, it’s a failure on the part of those who devised and executed the digital transition.
We predict that once officials of the incoming Obama administration get a clearer picture of the viewer chaos that would ensue with a sudden shutdown of “television as usual," it’s likely they’ll reverse course -- either by executive order or by a hastily-arranged Congressional vote.
Some telecommunications officials in both the private and public sectors may be left with digital egg on their faces -- but that’s a lot better than the recriminations they’ll surely face if this ill-timed analog TV sign-off is allowed to happen.
That's our take; what do you think? Sound off below.
WILL THE ELECTION EVEN MATTER?
Not as long as government-supported extrajudicial "vigilante injustice" squads are "gang stalking" American citizens, making a mockery of the rule of law:
http://www.nowpublic.com/world/american-gestapo-state-supported-terrorism-targets-u-s-citizens
OR http://members.nowpublic.com/scrivener



Most RecentMost Recommended Comments (37)
at 05:32 on November 12th, 2008
What everyone has missed is the boone this has been to cable tv pro viders. Tbey are forcing all subscribers to get more boxes for formerly cable ready sets at a cost of 100 bucks more a mnonth per set
at 07:03 on November 12th, 2008
No, no, no! Come on now, you have GOT to be kidding me. This transition has already been delayed at least once. There is absolutely no reason to do it again. If sales of the converter boxes at my local Walmart and Target are any indication, people will be ready. These stores can't keep them on the shelves.
And Mark B, which company is "forcing" subscribers to get boxes? This is the first I have heard of that. I know Time Warner Cable -- not my favorite company, mind you -- has intro'd a low-cost package ($14.99/mo. + tax/fees) with all of the local channels and public-access channels in our area. No box necessary. And if you're getting charged $100 per box a month, you're getting shafted. Sorry to be so blunt, but that's just the truth.
at 08:10 on November 12th, 2008
I didn't mention it in the story, but over the air DTV is becoming the preferred way to receive high-def broadcast network programming... because many cable companies are compressing broadcast stations to jam more channels into their pipe. Compression affects picture quality. With OTA broadcast DTV, you're getting the full bandwidth/bit rate that's broadcast from the originating network affiliate.
It won't be long before some Hollywood studio realizes this, and launches an ad-supported broadcast DTV network using DTV subchannels in major and minor markets nationwide.
JN: The story discusses how about HALF of all OTA-dependent households are NOT ready, and how the elderly, poor, Hispanics are disproportionately affected. There's a "let them eat cake" attitude that's very anti-democratic. Broadcast TV is vital to delivering news, information, entertainment and a sense of "belonging" in American society. It's plain wrong to disenfranchise millions when the public is clearly not ready.
And there will be a great financial cost to broadcasters in terms of lost audience, as I discussed.
DTV is great. It makes broadcast TV a superior medium in terms of picture quality and sound fidelity. But the industry and gov't need another couple of years for the equipment to penetrate the market. Why not coordinate with Canada and target the analog cut-off date for Aug. 31, 2011?
at 09:49 on November 12th, 2008
I live in an area of Chicago where I get 16 analog stations, many of them come in so clear they are comprable to cable.
With DTV converter I get THREE stations, two of which are pixilated.
With my new DTV television the tuner doesn't bring in any station. And I am only five miles from Sears Tower. Clearly DTV does not replicate analog TV.
And why are they getting rid of analog. So cell phone users can have more phones. Cell phones are a luxury.
I guess the slogan is no TV for poor people, cell phones for rich people.
at 22:08 on November 12th, 2008
That's why I don't think the Obama people will let this stand.
It was noteworthy that Obama transition chief John Podesta didn't seem to know much about DTV, the exact date when it's set to happen, or the political impact of letting it happen when the elderly, the poor and Hispanics are going to disproportionately affected.
Anyone visiting here with a direct line to Podesta: Perhaps you could send him this article in full, not just the link.
The mainstream media from which I spring is AWOL on this story. Any mainstream editors here? You know my name, look up the number.
at 12:57 on November 29th, 2008
Pushing back the transition date will only cause everybody involved to put the Digital Transition on the "back burner" again. So many people that I talk to are already saying they'll "do nothing until February", because they don't see any reason yet. They'll just wait another few days, weeks, months, or years...depending on how long the deadline is moved back.
at 10:58 on December 3rd, 2008
Not necessarily. The DTV "education" campaign was very late in reaching seniors; the gov't grants were just made. More time would give the marketplace the opportunity to sell more digital TVs... and each household that gets one is another that does not need a special converter box. Canada's target date for analog shut-off is Aug. 31, 2011... the U.S. should coordinate with Canada. Given the long border, it makes sense, and the extra 2-1/2 years will give all parties time to fix the mistakes and get it right. Thanks for the comment.
at 13:27 on December 3rd, 2008
Delaying the transition will cost more money and accomplish nothing. The press has been alerting the public about this for more than a year now. Another delay would simply cause more confusion.
I have already predicted that the cutoff date will come and go with a few glitches, but no public outcry. Let's see who's right on this one. (Too bad I won't profit by a good call.)
If the new administration wants to hedge its bets, let them provide more funds for additional coupons after the transition date.
And Meredith Baker did an admirable job running the coupon program. The President-elect should consider keeping her on.
at 10:16 on December 8th, 2008
I don't have a dog in this fight either, in terms of "profit." As for Ms. Baker, you should be doing her PR! Thanks for checking in, MR. "Cugnini." Have a nice day, too.
at 16:58 on December 7th, 2008
Can someone please explain to me why we need to go digital at all. Maybe I am not tech savvy but I really can't see why or who made this a LAW that stations can't keep broadcasting in analog. How does this benefit the consumer? I guess I'm too old-fashioned (old) to "get" this. I've seen the commercial that tells me "digital is SO good that as of Feb. 18, 2009 all stations will only broadcast in digital. It's the law." It's so good, it's now the law?? I am not alone in thinking this is strange. Frankly, all I see is more money spent to buy a new TV, more money to buy cable, or more money to buy a box that does not get as many channels as before. I remember when TV was "free" and stations loved us to watch because commercials made their revenue. Maybe the next "LAW" will restrict our radio reception unless we cough up some money for that. New does not always mean better. And yes, I have an older tube tv that has a picture better than the new flat tv's I've seen in the stores. I'll keep it going as long as my repairman can get parts! Tell me again how this benefits the consumer, the American people. Thank you.
at 10:11 on December 8th, 2008
Thanks for the question. I think I can answer it for you. Digital TV provides two main benefits:
Because the technology allows more information to be transmitted in the same frequency bandwith (you can "jam" more stuff into the "pipe") it frees up space on the electronmagnetic spectrum (the "airwaves") for more channels of data and information. The extra space being freed up by the transition to DTV has been allocated for use by emergency service providers such as police, fire, "homeland security," etc.
Second, because digital signals reduce the information to "0's" and "1's", exactly as a computer does, there is no noise or interference in the signal that gets to your receiver -- assuming the signal is robust enough to get to your antenna. The picture quality is astoundingly good. And digital TV also gives viewers the option to receive over the air broadcast stations in full high defiinition without having to buy cable or satellite TV.
As the story above explains, digital signals are not as robust as old fashioned analog signals in fringe areas. The transition planners didn't exactly cover this problem; now the FCC is starting to cite the need for signal "repeaters" to ensure that a good signal gets to everyone who can now receive standard, analog TV signals.
That's why I think more time is needed, and that the government should mandate the continuation of old fashioned analog signals until this problem is resolved. A delay also would give consumers more time to obtain converter boxes to allow the continued use of older TVs such as yours -- or the option of buying a new digital set, eliminating the need for a converter box entirely and providing free high definition if the set purchased is an HDTV.
I do share your concern that the government may next mandate that AM and FM radio broadcast in digital only, making obsolete the many millions of radios in the field. Being a devoted capitalist, I believe the marketplace, and not government, should be the final arbiter on such matters.
But I guarantee you -- if you get one of those converter boxes available at local stores for $50-60 (minus $40 if you have the government coupon) you won't believe how much better the picture will be on that older tube TV.
Thanks for the question, "Mary Ann."
at 13:04 on December 14th, 2008
It is not only viewers in fringe areas who are having trouble receiving the quirky and unreliable digital signals. People living in apartments whose windows face away from transmitters are likely to have great difficulty receiving DTV signals using indoor antennas. I live only three miles from the transmitters in Washington, DC, but I have had to struggle and spend money with trial and error approaches to receive acceptable DTV signals in my home office, which faces away from the transmitters. I have tried five different antennas and many different locations and configurations. The signals arriving at my windows are bounced and reflected unpredictably. The picture and sound will be fine, and then all of a sudden pixillate and drop out for unknown reasons. I finally bought an indoor HDTV antenna for $75 and put it up near the ceiling. Now, when I change channels, I have to get up on a stool and reposition the antenna, even though the transmitters are all in the same place. I don't mind technical challenges--but this is ridiculous. How many people, rich or poor, are prepared to deal with this, just to receive traditionally free over the air television broadcasts? The FCC and its president, Kevin Martin, have created a near term fiasco which is about to hit the American people in the middle of winter. Why did they pick February, just when it will be most difficult for people to think about climbing up on their roofs to install roof top antennas? My hope is that reason will prevail under the Obama administration, and that the analog signals will be allowed to continue until such time as digital signals are improved, with repeaters or whatever else is required.
at 05:55 on December 16th, 2008
Your anecdotal experience is what the industry needs to hear! Repeaters would go a long way toward solving the problem. When broadcast DTV works, it works great. But, as your post confirms, the technology does seem to be inordinately fragile for a "mass medium." That's led some to speculate whether there's not a hidden agenda here -- to drive the networks to drop affiliates and offer their programming ONLY via (pay) cable or satellite. CBS network chief Les Moonves raised this very possibility in a recent trade event. IN Europe, DTV is more robust because the signal specs are higher-powered. Why didn't the U.S. adopt the European standard? I haven't seen this question explored...
Thanks for your informative post. One suggestion: You might try one of those "self-aiming" antennas. But they require a DTV converter box or a digital set that's equipped with the special self-aiming antenna input jack.
at 08:07 on December 16th, 2008
According to some of the many articles I have read, the power of many digital transmissions is lower now than it will be after the switch-over is complete. Also, the non-digital signals won't be in the mix as it is now, so the digital signal should improve in those cases.
at 19:28 on December 21st, 2008
That's correct. But due to the "cliff effect," coverage patterns won't be the same as analog, and viewers won't know if they can get the same number of channels until they get the right equipment, reaim or replace antennas, etc. (and that's tough to do in the dead of winter).
So if 20 million households depend on over the air for all or even part of their TV viewing habit (second sets often aren't connected to cable as a cost-saving move), broadcasters will suffer an audience decline in the worst possible economy, possibly forcing them to do costly makegoods to advertisers.
The coupon program is backlogged, and many consumers won't buy boxes costing $50-60 when they've got a $40 coupon coming to them in the mail. And then there's the problem of the elderly, the disabled, Hispanic speakers, etc.
So the marginal benefits of higher power won't offset the downside in the short-term. What's needed is more time for the public to get ready. It also would help if those coupons could be used toward the purchase of a digital set, but that's not in the coupon law.
What industry would alienate 7 million households (and that represents a lot more than 7 million people)? Answer: the broadcast industry, unless Congress saves the TV biz from itself.
at 21:43 on December 23rd, 2008
i live in a fringe area 70 miles from st.louis. although i have a 40 ft. tower with 3 long range antennas and a 20 db amp. i can only pick up some digital stations on rare occasions. but i can get 16-21 analog stations. i try everyday to get a digital station. most of the time, it is to no avail. i called my congressman to ask for him to get an allowance for at least 1 analog station to broadcast so i can at least watch the news. i also asked him about using relay towers to get the signal to fringe areas. if neither suggestion is followed by congress, i believe there will be a 100 square mile blackout in mid south illinois feb. 17th 2009.
at 20:08 on December 24th, 2008
I am just about in the same boat as esso. Out of the 10-12 we get with rabbit ears- we can now get 3---- if the wind is not blowing, don't walk around in the room, planes don't fly over, raining, snowing, and so on. Now one thing we found out with the converter box is that if the box is on and pluged in the picture is fuzzy, take it off the picture is better on analog. Yes you will get more channels from some stations as the say but they don't tell you that you that you can and will get less different channels. I found a site that it says digital will have less power.
Somebodys pockets are getting lined on this one. It sucks
at 14:55 on December 26th, 2008
Even an amplified outdoor antenna with a rotator on a 25 foot mast doesn't result in great DTV reception. I was able to get 13 analog channels, some not well, but good enough to watch, but using a DTV converter has cut that down to only 8. In summer, it's down to 5 because of all the leaves on the 40 foot tall trees surrounding my house. When the wind blows, it can go down to as low as THREE viewable channels.
I remember a book I read a few years ago that explained all the backstabbing and compromises in developing DTV, and it was enough to make me quite angry. The main reason we're getting DTV is that Uncle Sam was making noises about finding spectrum space to auction off for revenue. The NAB (National Association of Broadcasters) was told that they had better come up with a good reason to stave off auctions and hold onto their precious spectrum. The only thing they could come up with was DTV.
There was also a lot of resistance to using a technology that had the NIH curse attached to it: the Not Invented Here syndrome. The people charged with choosing a standard went with one that was clearly inferior rather than the superior European technology... simply because it wasn't American.
at 20:53 on December 28th, 2008
Ovenmaster... interesting. Are you sure you didn't want to post to another of my articles?
at 20:51 on December 26th, 2008
Since when is it government's job to dictate to me that I have to junk a perfectly good, functional TV, set up a boondoggle program with MY tax money to buy "converter boxes" for TV viewers?. Gawd, the founding fathers must be rolling around in their graves.
You'll note how the former analog channels are going to be reserved for "public service" radio channels, for which Motorola produces hardware, and which is at the bottom of this crap. It ought to be called "the radio manufacturers, cable TV, and dish providers profitibality act".
Those of us who live in fringe reception areas have made do with our unsophisticated antenna/amplifier, etc. set-ups. Thanks to our wonderful gummint, we now get pixellated crap until the screen goes blank. Thanks a big pant load, Big Brother. I love how these glib AH's on TV are cheerfully warning us we need to get our little converter boxes in time--hey stupido--some of us already got the stupid boxes, and the f*****g things don't work. What are you going to do for us? Where's our freaking bailout, you a-holes? How about just leaving things alone? If and when it becomes advantageous for the country to migrate to digital, the MARKET will dictate it, we don't need government pukes, funded and pushed by fat cat industrial interests, to cram shit down our throats that is not a suitable replacement for current, adequate technology.
at 20:57 on December 28th, 2008
Real Americans buy cable -- just kidding!
at 06:43 on December 29th, 2008
RickS wrote: "Since when is it government's job to dictate to me that I have to junk a perfectly good, functional TV, set up a boondoggle program with MY tax money to buy "converter boxes" for TV viewers?"
It's the government's job to regulate spectrum. Otherwise there would be chaos and you wouldn't get ANY signal, radio or TV. That's been a fact of life for decades, RickS, get used to it. It's because of this fact that it could NOT be a market-driven transition.
And would you prefer that the transition just happen without ANY help from the government? This transition is necessary in order to make more efficient use of the spectrum, pure and simple. As for it being dictated by mfrs? Well, who else do you expect will make the radios for use by public officials (or anyone else for that matter)? Your U.S. government? Get real. This is the largest non-military technology transition ever handled by the U.S. government and required a partnership between the goverment and private business. This was a partnership that has been characterized by a lot of problems but frankly there was no other way to do it.
As for the technology not being up to speed, yes, that IS a problem and many would argue that it was the FCC's fault for not going with what many would consider to be a better technology for reception but that's a whole other story. With over the air TV reception, it's always been a crapshoot as to whether you got a signal or not; DTV isn't any different.
The road to DTV has had a lot of potholes and no one is saying that it has been done correctly all along the way. But the core argument for doing it still makes the most sense.
It's always very easy to launch profanity-driven tirades against something when you don't know all the details. It's much harder to approach this with a reasoned, informed attitude.
at 10:09 on December 29th, 2008
And thank you for a rare infusion of civility into these "comments" sections.
at 10:26 on January 8th, 2009
I'm jumping in late, but our household is one of those that will lose its local TV channels completely on Feb. 17, despite our having done everything according to instructions.
Cable TV is not available in our rural area. We get 3 of the 4 major networks over-the-air via a large, directional VHF/UHF antenna at the top of a 24-ft pole in our yard. Even that requires an amplifier and a rotator, since the transmitters are 60+ miles away and in different directions. Two of the channels come in clearly; the third is only fair (snow and ghosts). We also subscribe to satellite TV, but our provider does not offer "locals" because the city they come from is too far down on the Nielsen list.
We bought 2 digital converter boxes and hooked them up to our antenna system, but we get no digital signals at all. That is likely due to distance, terrain, obstacles, and the "cliff effect." So, despite being able to receive clear analog signals, our large, powerful outdoor antenna system is not good enough to bring in any digital signals.
Despite our inability to pull in a digital signal, our household would be considered "DTV-ready" on the Nielsen surveys. That's because we 1) bought a converter box and 2) already subscribe to satellite TV. No one seems to care whether we are actually capable of receiving a digital signal. I've written to 2 of the local affiliate stations, seeking advice about antennas and signal strength. One didn't respond at all; the other said we should already be getting their signal. I wrote to www.dtv.gov, and they said since the test households in Wilmington NC were able to get a digital signal once they installed their converter boxes, we should be getting one, too.
This situation is unacceptable, but I don't know how a postponement would change anything.
at 20:56 on January 11th, 2009
Here's how the delay may help you: The FCC may require those four network affiliates to install signal "repeaters" so that folks like you retain their free access to broadcast TV. Write a letter to your Senators and congresspeople and send them a copy of this article, with your comment highlighted.
Rural America must let its voice be heard. There's a movement afoot to turn network TV into pay TV (via cable, fiber or satellite) and it must be resisted. Free over the air TV is part of the American communications landscape, and there's an economic incentive in certain quarters for some factions of the telecom industry to take it away from you. Don't let them do it!
at 16:20 on January 8th, 2009
Since when was TV a God-given right to mankind? What a bunch of whiners. Keep the deadline and move on...
at 21:00 on January 11th, 2009
Hey "Bob292,"
Just like Marie Antoinette said, huh? As long as you got yours, just "let them eat cake."
Please read my reply to "Center Field," above. Have a nice day.
at 21:10 on January 8th, 2009
Since I live in an apartment building and live in a area that might not be able to receive the digital signal I am forced to use cable television or buy a new teleision and even that is taking a risk so my best buy is to go cable, I wounder if the government thought this thing through.
Another problem is I don't have enough information from the local television stations as what to do. So like a lot of people in my apartment building I will have to rely on the community television but I live in an apartment complex that has that option a lot a seniors will not have that option.
I think that the converter box is just a lot of problems, the number one problem is most stores do not have enough convertor boxes on hand. Everytime I call they have allways run out of stock.
One store advertised a box for $40.00 but when I asked about that they said they sold now for $49.99 and up and what if I buy the thing and it does not work, then what.
I think this was not well thought out. If this is for the convenience of the cell phone group it is not fair, because some people do not need to have a phone on their hip and then the towers are put up without the people getting proper notice.
Kind of like living under a electrical tower the sound of buzzing always in your ear.
at 21:15 on January 11th, 2009
Sounds like malicious psy ops...
at 11:04 on January 9th, 2009
I believe that the August 31st, 2011 proposal(for the death of Analog) will not work(I actually oppose a shutoff date unless market penetration of Digital(includes relay stations(Translators)) hits a 95% penetration rate via the Nielson Market surveys(this includes Cable, IPTV, Over the Air, satelite and FiOS) then the market(for example Nielson DMA #4: Philadelphia) has an automatic right to kill Analog, literally)